This paper takes stock of the implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change following COP30 of Belèm, paying particular attention to the issue of the loss and damage mechanism. We first examine the expected evolution of the climate in light of the mitigation commitments made by the States Parties to underline the urgency of strengthening actions to combat climate change and its impacts in the face of the weakness and lack of ambition of the Paris Agreement. We then analyze the issues related to loss and damage and the new financial mechanism intended to help vulnerable developing countries to cope with this residual damage linked to the impacts of climate change, which particularly threaten them and risk worsening the already difficult and precarious living conditions of their populations.

This paper takes stock of the implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change following COP30 of Belèm, paying particular attention to the issue of the loss and damage mechanism. We first examine the expected evolution of the climate in light of the mitigation commitments made by the States Parties to underline the urgency of strengthening actions to combat climate change and its impacts in the face of the weakness and lack of ambition of the Paris Agreement. We then analyze the issues related to loss and damage and the new financial mechanism intended to help vulnerable developing countries to cope with this residual damage linked to the impacts of climate change, which particularly threaten them and risk worsening the already difficult and precarious living conditions of their populations.